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This article deals with non-destructive detection method of residual stress and chemical properties of stainless steel after 30-years of aging of examined sample. By X-ray diffractometry, there it is possible to determine accurately the values of residual stress or austenite percentage without damage the sample and with keeping its original function. Identification of residual stress and its distribution can improve the prediction of failures and similar damage incidences due to workload over lifetime of components and also, it can be used as evaluation parameter of suitability of applied manufacturing technological operations.