The paper deals with the application of alternative waste-based fillers from industry into two various types of polymer composite systems used in the automotive industry. The first type of alternative filler (GW) was obtained by treating the waste from the glass production. It was applied to the multi-component polymer matrix consisting of phenolic and melamine resin and nitrile rubber commonly used in the friction composite system for clutch facing production. Another type of alternative filler (EG) has been obtained from energetics where it is produced as a by-product of flue gas desulfurization. This type of filler was mixed into elastomeric composite system for tire production as a substitution of commonly used carbon black filler. The specific surface area of various fractions of alternative fillers used was determined and the influences of this fillers parameter on the rheology and vulcanization characteristics, as well as physical and mechanical properties of two types of newly prepared polymer systems have been investigated.