The article deals with the vibration of the workpiece on the grinder using a cBN grinding wheel. The workpieces were made of hardened steel with a hardness of 62 HRC and ceramics: Al₂O₃, SiC, Si₃N₄, and ZrO₂/Y₂O_3. Grinding was performed at different infeed rates during 5 consecutive passes. Up and down grinding were also evaluated. Measured realizations of the acceleration of the workpiece during grinding were processed in the time and frequency domain and compared with each other. We consider acceleration patterns to be diagnostic signals that will help to understand the process of chip formation during grinding as well as the process of damaging parts made of the tested materials.