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Present paper deals with the preparation of new types of elastomeric composite systems containing an alternative filler based on wood ash. Wood ash is generated as waste from the process of burning wood pellets in the pellet boilers. The results of the EDX analysis confirmed that CaO and SiO₂ are the most represented components of wood ash, which contain commonly used white fillers such as kaolin or silica.  Therefore, wood ash was used as an alternative ecological filler as a partial replacement for the commonly used carbon black filler in the elastomer systems. Rheological properties and cure characteristics of prepared elastomer composite systems and tensile properties of resulting vulcanizates have been studied. The prepared elastomeric systems were also subjected to a Peyne effect study. The results obtained showed the degree of filler – filler interactions, as well as degree of mutual interactions between alternative filler particles and elastomeric matrix.